Which of the following is a risk factor for coronary artery disease?

High cholesterol levels are recognized as a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). When cholesterol levels, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, are elevated, they can contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. These plaques can narrow the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, which increases the risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular issues.

In contrast, regular exercise, a healthy diet, and adequate hydration are all associated with a lower risk of developing CAD. Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, lowers blood pressure, and can improve cholesterol levels. A healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low in saturated fats can also lead to optimal cholesterol levels and overall heart health. Adequate hydration supports overall bodily functions, including cardiovascular health, but it is not a direct risk factor for coronary artery disease.